Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 13

Financial matters - Essay Example The issue with GDP is that the measurement was initially intended to perceived financial action and it was never intended to be used as a standard to decide the prosperity of a general public. This paper investigations GDP so as to decide its usefulness and approaches to improve the measurement so it can turn into a progressively reasonable marker of social advancement and prosperity. Total national output is a financial metric that is perceived by the whole universal network. Since its use began hundreds of years back there is an enormous measure of verifiable information about the GDP of various countries. The issue with the use of this measurement for the reasons for estimating prosperity is that the factors remembered for the equation to compute total national output need to do essentially with spending of either the general population or private division. The measure of cash spend inside a microeconomic framework isn't generally a decent determinant of the prosperity of a general public. Prosperity alludes to the personal satisfaction of a general public which incorporates angles, for example, opportunity, joy, ecological wellbeing, plenitude of characteristic assets, and advancement (Wordiq, 2009). Individuals anticipate from its legislative organization for them to know about the real needs so as to improve their prosperity. With the end goal for that to Total national output is anything but a decent marker to decide prosperity. So as to improve the portrayal of the measurement without changing its honesty financial analyst regularly want to show the aggregate as far according to capita groups. Total national output per capita can be smarter to look at the riches inside a particular nation. We should perceive that riches is significant, yet by all account not the only factor that decides prosperity. As of late analysts have gone above and beyond so as to improve GDP. They made an other financial measurement called GPI which uses GDP as the premise from which other

Appropriate vs. Apropos vs. Apt

Proper versus Pertinent versus Able Proper versus Pertinent versus Able Proper versus Pertinent versus Able By Maeve Maddox A peruser has requested a conversation of â€Å"appropriate versus pertinent versus apt.† Each of the three words might be utilized as modifiers meaning appropriate or relevant: Your reference to â€Å"The Emperor’s New Clothes† is in regards to the way such a large number of individuals comply with social desires as opposed to have an independent perspective. I appreciate your well-suited selection of words in this article. A rating of â€Å"G† shows that a film is fitting for kids. Of the three descriptors, fitting [uh-PRO-pree-it] is heard all the more frequently. Fitting gets from the past participle of a Latin action word, a blend of promotion (to) and proprius (own). Something proper â€Å"belongs† to a person or thing. Here are a few instances of current utilization: How Having An Appropriate Level Of Confidence Can Better Your Life By looking at numerous diversion employments, you ought to have the option to get a smart thought of the fitting pay. The youthful wrongdoer couldn't be addressed without a suitable grown-up present Was Lohan’s court clothing fitting? Note: English likewise has the action word suitable [uh-PRO-pree-ATE], â€Å"to take ownership of.† For instance, â€Å"A segment of land at St. Clements in Oxfordhas been appropriated to arranging purposes to encourage a recovery venture expected for the area.† Well-suited is from the Latin word aptus, â€Å"fitted, fit, appropriate.† The descriptive word gets from an action word meaning â€Å"to secure, to attach.† The most widely recognized utilization of able is to depict the wellness or expressiveness of language. Another importance of adept is â€Å"ready to learn,† as in â€Å"She’s a well-suited student.† Sometimes well-suited is an equivalent word for likely: â€Å"Children are well-suited to satisfy what you accept of them.† Adept can likewise be utilized in the feeling of â€Å"having a deplorable propensity, or â€Å"exposed to a risk†: Hit kids progressively well-suited to carry out wrongdoings Study: Immigrants who live, cooperate less adept to learn English The descriptive utilization of relevant is minimal normal of the three. I’ve seen discussion remarks affirming that pertinent is â€Å"never an equivalent word for appropriate.† A French getting, opportune capacities all the more regularly as a relational word or as a verb modifier. Opportune originates from French propos, â€Å"with view to this purpose.† As a descriptor, it is an equivalent word for fitting: My point is somewhat that it is notâ aproposâ in each case. The city hall leader called the cornflake remark â€Å"not apropos† and cautioned Lukaszuk to be cautious about what he says. Your inference to Josephine Tey’s bit of exchange was smart and funnybut not pertinent As a relational word, pertinent methods â€Å"with reference to; concerning†: The chief commented relevant the new guidelines, â€Å"They will cost a great deal to actualize and do nothing to address the problem.† As a qualifier, pertinent is most ordinarily heard in the articulation â€Å"apropos of nothing.† The sense is that someone’s remarks or activities are totally inconsequential to any past conversation or circumstance. For instance, â€Å"Apropos of nothing, Tom began discussing his root canal.† The standard relational word to follow opportune is of. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Vocabulary class, check our famous posts, or pick a related post below:15 Terms for Those Who Tell the FutureOn Behalf Of versus In Behalf OfCharles' Pen and Jesus' Name

How Blogger Spice Fighting Against Comment Spam

How Blogger Spice Fighting Against Comment Spam Spam is really alarming for any site. For this reason Google Has taken many steps to eliminate spam from comments. There are many Blog already has deleted by Google only for spamming. In addition, zillions of website got penalty for comment spam. There are many good blog which isn't visible in search engine because of comment spam. In primary stage Blogger think they are doing well by leaving their Blog link on other's blog but this is very bad for long term ranking. Because if jax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.8.3/jquery.min.js' type='text/javascript'/script type='text/javascript' jQuery(document).ready(function(){ jQuery(quot;#comments pquot;).find(quot;aquot;).replaceWith(quot;span Ohh! No Spam for Better Blog!/spanquot;); }); /script Step 5Now simply hit theSave Templatebutton. The bold code is optional, If you have already added this js file then don't add it. Customization Change the text message Ohh! No Spam for Better Blog! for spammer according to your own word. Hope now you will able to slap the spammer by following this tutorial. For building better Blog we should stop spamming. Thus Blogger Spice fighting against spamming.

What Is the Difference Between Ice and Snow

Ice and snow are two of the solid forms of water, H2O, but they arent the same. What Is Ice? Ice is the word for the solid form of water, regardless of how or where it formed or how the water molecules are stacked together. Frost is ice. Ice cubes are ice. Snow is a form of ice. What Is Snow? Snow is the word for precipitation that falls as frozen water. If the water forms crystals, you get snowflakes. Other types of snow include rime and graupel, which are ice but not crystals. You can think of snow as ice that falls from the sky. Many people think of snow strictly in terms of snow crystals, which are formed when water molecules bond together into a crystal pattern, similar to carbon forming a diamond. Snow vs. Frost Both frost and snow grow from water vapor in the air. However, snow forms high in the atmosphere around tiny suspended particles (such as dust), while frost forms close to the ground on solid surfaces, including window panes. Interesting Facts About Snow and Ice Is it true that no two snowflakes are identical? While two flakes could look exactly the same to the naked eye or under light magnification, at the molecular level its nearly impossible for two to be the same. So the answer could be true or false.You can make instant snow by throwing a cupful of freshly boiled water into the air on a very cold day—for example, 30 degrees below zero Fahrenheit. Be very careful handling boiling water.You can supercool water—cool it below its stated freezing point—so it will crystallize into ice on demand. Place an unopened bottle of distilled or purified water in the freezer and chill it for 2.5 hours, then remove it from the freezer. You can make the water freeze instantly if you shake the bottle or open it and quickly pour the water onto a piece of ice. If you try the second method, the water often will freeze backward from the ice cube into the bottle.

Standard Reduction Potential (Definition)

The standard reduction potential is the potential in volts generated by a reduction half-reaction compared to the standard hydrogen electrode at 25 Â °C, 1 atm and a concentration of 1 M. The standard reduction potential is defined relative to a standard hydrogen electrode, which is assigned the potential 0.00 V.Standard reduction potentials are denoted by the variable E0. Example The reduction of water:2 H2O 2 e- → H2 2 OH-has a E0 1.776 V Source Stumm, W.; Morgan, J. J. (1981). Aquatic Chemistry (2nd ed.). John Wiley Sons, New York.

Star Wars Informative Speech Essay - 764 Words

Star Wars What movie franchise has been the most powerful film franchise in history? Who could forget traveling through space fighting evil, using the force, and defeating the empire? Yes I am talking about Star Wars. The franchise includes 6 movies and countless games, toys, and books. Now I know yall must be thinking â€Å"she only thinks star wars in so important cause it’s her favorite movie or she’s a geek or something like that† Well to be honest I have never in my life seen any of the movies. I’ve seen bits and pieces but none of them the whole way through. Although that it true Star Wars has influenced my life. Star Wars is and will be for years to come the most influential, powerful, and profitable franchise in history. The saga†¦show more content†¦That number is a far stretch from $4.5 billion right? Well the Star wars franchise includes much more than just the 6 movies box office totals. The video and DVD sales are about $3 billion 775 million as said by statistic brain. This includes all DVDs and movies from all 6 movies and Star wars the clone wars. The video game sales grossed $2.9 billion. These games range from the oldest super Nintendo games to the newer PlayStation and Xbox games. The book sales have grossed $1.82 billion. This is an example of just 1 of the 23 books my boyfriend alone has, all together there are over 100 books written. The toy sales have grossed 12 billion this includes all collectibles, action figures, and toys such as puzzles, Legos, coloring books, or bobble heads that talk. The last bit is considered â€Å"other† which includes licensing, television shows, and merchandise grossed appx. $1.304 billion to date. Merchandise includes Pez despisers, posters, and any other Star Wars affiliated product. Now let’s discuss the creator George Lucus and the producer of the movies 20th Century Fox. George Lucus’ net worth is believed to be between $3.4 and $3.6 billion and growing. He wrote every movie and through negotiation kept all rights to the movies and all affiliates so to this day continues to get profits from all Star Wars licensed products. 20th century fox grossed appx. $2 billion 730 million 270 thousand 5 dollars from producing all of the movies. Originally aroundShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Barack Obama s Third Presidential State Of The Union Address1218 Words   |  5 Pages2012, in Washington D.C. In his speech, he discusses the need to augment the economy through the growth of manufacturing, education, the energy sector, and American values. Obama’s purpose is to impress upon fellow Americans that if we work together we can create â€Å"an America built to last†. He adopts an optimistic tone in order to convey to Americans the idea: as long as we maintain a common purpose, we can create a great nation. Obama delivers a descriptive speech that includes situations and issuesRead MoreSample Informative Outline On International Adoption1063 Words   |  5 PagesExample Informative Preparation Outline Template I. INTRODUCTION A. Gain the audience’s attention: Did you know statistics show that over 20,000 children are adopted into the United States annually. B. Thesis: (In one sentence, state exactly what the speech is about.) In today’s society more people have chosen to adopt from foreign countries. C. Preview of Main Points: (How many main points will you have and what exactly are they?) Today I am going to inform you about†¦. 1.The History of internationalRead MoreInformative Speech About Fortune Cookies1217 Words   |  5 PagesKate Husted Com 115 H12 October 1, 2017 Informative Speech Preparation Outline General Purpose: The general purpose of this speech is to inform. Specific Purpose: The specific purpose of this speech is to inform my audience about fortune cookies. Central Idea: Today we will review the history of fortune cookies, explore how the fortunes themselves have evolved, and reveal a simple recipe for making them. Introduction Attention Grabber: According to Jennifer Lee’s January 2008 New York Times articleRead MoreEssay about Informative Speech Scientists Einstein and Heisenberg1715 Words   |  7 PagesInformative Speech Scientists Einstein and Heisenberg A. Introduction My Speech is about the scientists who had the main influence on our current time and have shaped our contemporary view of the world (Also called in Theology the Zeitgeist). I have chosen two of them who were in many ways just opposites. One is extremely famous and the other is almost unknown except to specialists. The most famous is of course Albert Einstein. He has significantly altered our view of the world with his TheoryRead MoreInternational Journalism Essay1586 Words   |  7 PagesTherefore, despite a post-Cold War political calm, competitive media markets, and fewer foreign correspondents, news mediums must forge a new framework from which to cover international topics. A survey by Harvard showed that networks coverage of international news has declined by 70% and newspaper coverage by 80% since the 1970s (American Society of Newspaper Editors). Both of these drastic drops have come since the end of Vietnam and the end of the Cold War. In the years of East-West mentalityRead MoreReno Philharmonic Orchestra At The Pioneer Center1103 Words   |  5 Pagesa tavern. The family lived on the second floor of a local tavern, which was the main influence for the third movement due to the consistent funeral music as the funeral processions would wind through the town. The pre-concert speech I found very enlighting and informative. Ms. Laura Jackson is a master at bringing her interpretation of the story of the symphony, to life. She creates a dynamic vivid image in her story telling setting one at ease in this formal and uptight environment. The concertRead MoreInformative Speech on Michael Jackson3232 Words   |  13 PagesInformative Speech Purpose: To inform or educate the audience about a topic of your choice. Time: 4-6 minutes Topic: Choose a topic that interests you and would probably interest your audience (the class). Consider what your audience already knows about this topic and what their attitude about this topic will be. Do not inform us of something we already know tons about. You may not choose something that could be done as a demonstration speech. Requirements: - You must inform the audienceRead MoreThe First Ammendment and Dealing with the Separation of Church and State1741 Words   |  7 Pagesdocuments. The result was the drafting of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, by James Madison (Klinker: 110-111). The applications of the personal freedoms described in the Bill of Rights, particularly the freedom of speech, have been challenged repeatedly in American courts of law and elsewhere. These incidents and challenges of authority reflect the defensive American attitude toward the ever important freedom of expression and the growing significance of personalRead MoreAtoms for Peace Analysis Essay1819 Words   |  8 Pagesimportant works of history, military science, and philosophy which Eisenhower applied to his own efforts and experiences. Eisenhower later moved up the military ranks to five star General of the Army, Military Governor, US Occupied Zone, and Chief of Staff, US Army, earning respect nationally and internationally with the end of World War II. In 1927 Eisenhower wrote for the American Battle Monuments Commission in Washington and Paris, and gained valuable exposure to European geography and culture, informationRead MoreChristian Worldview1594 Words   |  7 Pagesright speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right awareness, right meditation, right understanding, and right thoughts. These simple truths and path is the basis for the Buddhism philosophy.[ii] Now that we have a basis for Buddhism, let’s answer the 5 questions starting with the question of origin. Buddhists believe that god and the universe are one in the same.[iii] They believe that god is part of the life force and is not personal, sort of like â€Å"The Force† from â€Å"Star Wars†. This

Length Of Ap Art History Essay Example For Students

Length Of Ap Art History Essay EXTERNAL HISTORY: .Considered along with LAS MENINAS to be one of the most important masterpieces of DIEGO DE VELAZQUUEZ ,as if final perido,this metological scene despits Minerras dispute with Arachne over weaving abilities.Traditionally cosidered to represent women working at the tapestry workshop of Santa Isable but it now prored that it is mythological subject.It was probably painted around 1657.The title of THE SPINNERS,as it ispopularly known,is a later invention and seems to have been inspired by the women who are spinning in the foregroundthey were workers in the Santa Isabel tapestry factory in Madrid.This Velazquez painting, considered for a long represent a generic theme,actually hides the depiction of a mythological theme draped in the everyday labour of a tapstry workshop.In the mid forties,sepcialists refused to interpet it as a simple every day scen.Their doubt were clarified when reearcher Maria Luisa Caturla brought to light aninventory in which an unknowed Velazquez sFable of Arachae was mentioned,owned by huntsman to King Philip 4th,Don Pedro de Arcc.One of the problems that hindired the identification of the subject lay in the fact that the work did not belong to collections and documentary information existed about it. INTERNAL HISTORY:The Fable of Archa,as related in Ovids Metamorphoese,tells how Minerva,goddess of the arts and of war,competes with Arachne,famous for her skill in spinning in weaving a tapestry.The young spinner was insolent enough to prevent in her work one of the love advantures of the goddess father Jove,and by way of punishment,she was transformed into a spider. ICONOGRAPHY: Even so,Velazquez had used Baroque recourse of inserting a picture within a picture since he was a youngman, and he linked to reverse the order of important of the story(i.e putting the trivial forward and the fundamental behind) This canvas was added onto it in the 18th century,on the upper part and both sides.It is not know if this aws done to restore it to its original state (it was thought to have suffered damage in the Alcazar fire of 1734) or if it was simply and attempt to complete the scene to make it larger.Certain scholar say it is an Apology of fine arts,intended to show the superiority of the art of painting over the hand crafts, while others see it a Political Allegory after Ripas Iconology. TECHNIQUE:The Spinning wheels turns rapidily showing the loose Velazquez technique.The canvas was probable damaaged by the fire in the Alcazar(1734) and an upper section was added. An arrepenrimentocan be appreciated in the head of the girl in profile, represented in the right side of the painting.As a goddes of war,appears in the backgroundin military dress.It is at the back of the work shop where the fable is recounted;in the foreground we see the actual labour of the workshop.Both space are graced with the magnificentand the meticulous use of light and a freedom and loosen of brush strokes that make the painting one of the most valueable of those predating Impressionism.The key painting by means of the afrorementoned mythological story,accompained by a tapestry with the Rape of Europr,by Titian painting as a declaraction of superiority of art over mere manual dexterity.It has been in the Prado since 1819.

5 Great SEO Tips for Copy Writers

5 Great SEO Tips for Copy Writers 5 Great SEO Tips for Copy Writers Every modern business has a website. And if you have a website, you need an SEO strategy to help customers find you online. But how exactly does this work in terms of writing website copy? In this post, we run through a few SEO tips that you can use when writing online content. 1. Picking Keywords SEO is all about keywords. These are terms that people search for online to find your website, so it is crucial to use the right keywords in the right places. And this means working out the keywords your target customers are searching for online and building online content around them. A good starting point for this is using a keyword research tool. Alternatively, you can check competitors’ websites to see which terms they use. 2. Integrating Keywords How you work keywords into your copy is also crucial. For instance, you should try to: Use the main keyword(s) in the title of the page Include the main keyword(s) in the first paragraph of the copy Use keywords in subheadings within the copy Highlight keywords with bold or italic formatting where appropriate Include variations of keywords within the copy These may be small touches, but they make a big difference to SEO results. 3. Humans Are More Important Than Computers Keywords are good, but not if they come at the expense of readability. This is because, ultimately, the best way to boost SEO is to write good content that people want to share online. In the old days, you could get away with loading a webpage with keywords and search engines would still find them. This was known as â€Å"keyword stuffing.† But now, if you use too many keywords on a single page (more than 5% of the word count), Google may reduce the ranking of your website. Consequently, you should always focus on writing good content for human readers first. This also means making sure your website is error free, so don’t skip the proofreading! 4. Writing a Good Meta Description Getting your website to rank on search engines is only part of the battle. You also need people to click through to the site when they see the search results. And this is where the meta description is key. The meta description is the text that search engines use to â€Å"preview† a page in a list of results. It should therefore provide a brief summary of what the page is about. To do this: Keep it short (ideally between 155 and 320 characters) Explain how the page will resolve the reader’s problem For example, for this page, we could write: Check out our SEO tips for copy writers to boost your page ranking. Simple solutions for increasing traffic to your website. Perfect for businesses seeking a competitive edge online. In three short statements, we’ve made sure the reader will immediately know what the page is, what following our advice will achieve, and who we’re targeting with the page. 5. Strategic Linking One of the most important SEO tips is to work hyperlinks into your copy, including both internal links to other pages on your website and external links to other sites. Internal links should direct readers towards relevant information on your site. External links, meanwhile, can make your site more authoritative and boost its reputation. And if another site sees that you have linked to them, they might do the same in return, which will boost your SEO results significantly. However, don’t link to sites that rank higher than you for the same keywords, as this will be counterproductive. Focus instead on links to sites that cover related topics. Summary: 5 SEO Tips for Copy Writers When writing website copy, you need to think about SEO. This may include: Researching keywords and picking the right ones for your site Working keywords into the page copy effectively Making sure your work is easy to read for humans as well as computers Writing a strong meta description so people click through to your site Using internal and external links in your copy Applied well, these SEO tips should help boost your website traffic.

Sir Humphry Davy essays

Sir Humphry Davy essays Davy's most important investigations were devoted to electrochemistry. Following Galvani's experiments and the discovery of the voltaic pile, interest in galvanic electricity had become widespread. The first chemical decomposition, by means of the pile were carried out in 1800 by Nicholson and Carlisle, who obtained hydrogen and oxygen from water, and who decomposed the aqueous solutions of a variety of common salts. Davy, too, began to example the chemical effects of electricity in 1800. He soon found that when he passed electrical current through some substances, these substances decomposed, (a process later called electrolysis). There it was certain that electrical forces could generate a current only when the electrolyte was capable of oxidizing one of the metals, and that the intensity of the voltage generated was directly related to the reactivity of the electrolyte with the metal. Evidently, Davy understood that the actions of electrolysis and of the voltaic pile were the sam e. His work led him to propose that, the elements of a chemical compound are held together by electrical forces. His first successes came in 1807 with the separation of potassium from molten potash and of sodium from common salt. Through electrolysis, Davy eventually discovered magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium in 1808. Eventually, Sir Humphrey Davy created a giant battery in the basement of Britain's Royal Society. It was made of 2,000 pairs of plates and took up 889 square feet. The intensity of its effect (the voltage generated) was directly related to the reactivity of the electrolyte with the metal. Evidently, Davy understood that the actions of electrolysis and of the voltaic pile were the same. His work led him to propose that, the elements of a chemical compound are held together by electrical forces. Davy must have known of Lavoisier's suggestion that the alkali earths were oxides of unknown metals. He tried to separate the metals by elect...

Doctorate of Education in Learning Technologies Personal Statement

Doctorate of Education in Learning Technologies - Personal Statement Example In fact, these experts began referring to the then learning environment as traditional and as such wanted to supplement and enrich the environment with new ways that were meant to present learning content in a better, and advanced manner. As such, exploration of the technology that was purposely meant for education pursuits suggested that it was possible for technology to teach. Further research affirmed that the process of learning comprised of the link between existing knowledge to knowledge that had newly been acquired through numerous conclusive professional adventures. As a result, the adventures suggested that technology was better placed in facilitating learning, presenting new knowledge and supporting the task of making connections between the known and the unknown. It is for undoubted reasons that educational technologies today, are continually expected and demanded as essential components in the modern classroom. As such, the professional relationship between teachers and students in reference to educational technology has gained continuous passion although it has both pros and cons. Apparently, the inception and rise of the Internet in several parts around the globe especially during and after the World War II has exposed the efficiency of technology in learning facilities through the delivery of necessary content because experts have continually argued that individuals learn best through experience. Similarly, learning success relies on the quality of the presented content and the instruction strategies that have been employed in the presentation. For instance, Scholar Thomas Edison predicted that there would come a time when books in learning facilities would be replaced with motion pictures as the teaching medium. Although the prediction did not come to pass,

Lakota Woman Is About Mary Crow Dog Coming Into a Sense of Identity as Essay

Lakota Woman Is About Mary Crow Dog Coming Into a Sense of Identity as a Lakota Woman - Essay Example This being the case, she is undergoing a crisis of identifying with each of the cultures, but the crisis is deepened even more by the fact that the whites do not readily accept and appreciated the Indian Lakota culture, since they have isolated and rejected Mary Crow Dog’s mother (Brave and Erdoes, 21). Her mother has persistently tried to fit into the new white culture, but the whites do not seem ready to accept her within their community. In fact, Mary puts it thus, "the life of an Indian is not held in great value in the State of South Dakota† (Brave and Erdoes, 25). It is this struggles that Mary’s mother is undergoing that has made her out to look for her elderly relatives and connect with the Lakota culture and tradition, where she would be readily accepted. The major impediment to Mary Crow Dog adapting the white culture is the fact that she is also doubtful whether she will be accepted, considering the fact that the white community had already rejected her mother. The journey in search for identity as a Lakota woman is neither smooth even in the Sioux nation where she embarks on building her identity (Brave and Erdoes, 77). Mary Crow Dog also faces hate, rejection and resistance in that community. She starts by joining an American Indian youth group, where she is initiated into the membership of the American Indian Movement. During her tenure in the movement, struggles are many and abuses are also present, thus Mary Crow Dog does not come out of it free, because she ends up becoming pregnant by one of the members of the movement. Even though the man by whom she got pregnant was one of the Indian Americans whom Mary wanted to identify with, she is rejected and abandoned, and thus has to bear and take care of his son on her own. Therefore, rejection and abuse serves as the two major factors that challenge Mary’s journey to establish an identity and instead leaves her with a â€Å"split personality† (Brave and Erdoes, 251). She had initially thought that she could be readily accepted and appreciated in her mother’s homeland as opposed to being in her father’s homeland, but the reality turned out to be different.  

Crimson tide and the aspects of leadership

Crimson tide and the aspects of leadership The film is based on the time period when there was imbalance in Russia. Russian rebel truehearted to their leader had obtained dominance over the installation of some nuclear missile and they are threatening thermonuclear warhead if the Russian government or Americans tried to confront him. In attempt to watch over the delegation, the United States ordered the USS Alabama: a nuclear submarine to be ready to take any action to sustain the strike. Among the Alabama submarine crew was Captain Frank Ramsey, who was the commanding officer and among the very few commanders remaining in the Navy with experience in combat. He chooses Lieutenant Commander Ron Hunter, who was highly educated when it comes to military history and maneuver, however had no experience regarding combat as the Executive Officer (Second in Command). During their embark at sea, latent hostility arose between Ramsey and Hunter due to indifferent personalities, Hunter was more analytic and conservative towards his mission and the men and as for Ramsey, he was more hotheaded, fly-by-the-seat-of-his-pants go about. A satellite report came through to the Americans that the Russians who got the nuclear installation were fueling the missiles, and the Alabama was ordered to plunge its missiles to those Russians. A second message came through for Alabama to disable their missiles, but unfortunately the message was not received by the crew after the communication unit was badly destroyed by the Russian submarine attack. The Alabama was too deep to restore communication and had just been hit and there was an outstanding order to launch the missiles, thus Captain Ramsey opted to continue with the order they had at the time which was authenticated. Hunter on the other hand was against the missile launch and tried to win over support from Rams ey to confirm the second message before proceeding with the launch, because he had hope that it was possibly an abjuration of the previous command. Hunter argued that even if they launched the missiles later than expected other US submarines in the area would proceed with the mission as per the fleets redundancy protocol measures. As the situation in the command became intense, Ramsey presents Hunter as an upstart graduate from Harvard who does not honor his place in the chain of command. There came a point where Ramsey wanted to excuse Hunter from being a Second in Command, just because Hunter was still against the launch of the missiles. Instead Ramsey was arrested in the attempt to outsmart the protocols regarding the launch of the nuclear. The Chief of the Boat agreed with Hunter and proceeded with the arrest of Ramsey though they were old friends, and he was taken from the Con and locked in his bedroom. Though the Alabama crew was shaken order was retained. The Russian submarine re-emerged just as Hunter was undertaking the effort to corroborate the second message concerning the missile launch. An underwater combat resulted and the Russian submarine was destroyed, and unfortunately the Alabama got damaged badly. The ship lost its communications, deaths of several crew members were encountered, and the boat nearly sank past its crush depth which resulted from the water which had entered into the boat after the hit from the combat with the Russians. As Hunter was waiting for the communications to be reestablished, some officers who were loyal to the Captain left the Con altogether. With the help of the loyal officers, Ramsey managed to get out of the place where he was held in attempt to present Hunter with charges of rebellion, placing the Executive Officer and officers who served with him under arrest. The launching of the missiles was nearly successful hadnt it been for the weapon officer who was persuaded to stall or delay Ramsey, whi le Hunter was in the mission of recapturing the bridge, among him was his main drafted staff officers. In the end, a tie resulted, thus the officers who had disputes agreed to wait until the last potential second to plunge the missiles. At long last the communications were up to speed and it was discovered that the Russian army had stabilized the situation and the Russian rebellions had been subjugated, thus no need to continue with the order of launching Americans missiles. At the end of the movie, a review took place at Pacific Fleet headquarters in Hawaii where various admirals conveyed serious concerns about the collapse of command which took place in the Alabama and during the wartime concerning the launching of the nuclear missiles. Ramsey finally decided to withdraw from the Navy and advocated Hunter for the command. The two men (Hunter and Ramsey) settled their disputes at the end of the film. WHO IS/ARE THE LEADERS IN THE MOVIE There are two main leaders namely: Gene Hackman playing Captain Frank Ramsey: an old white male, navy veteran, probably in his fiftys. Denzel Washington playing Lieutenant Commander Ron Hunter: a young African-American male fresh off Harvard University. THE LEADER (S)S ROLE IN THE MOVIE Lieutenant Commander Hunter played a number of roles in the Crimson tide film which included him being in the submarine to make sure that Captain Ramsey made the correct choices, for example, the launching of the nuclear missiles. Looking at the situation, Ramsey was going to go ahead and launch the missiles without confirming the second message which was interrupted by the damage from the Russian rebels. Going through with the launch of the missiles would have caused a nuclear warhead which was prevented due to Hunters judgment. Also Hunter played a role of being a complementary leader towards Ramsey, that is, he provided certain leadership aspects which Ramsey lacked. Those aspects includes, Hunter being a motivator, in the film we concluded that Ramsey was a strict and arrogant leader who never motivated his crew, but with the influence from Hunter, Ramsey gave a motivational speech after the crew restored all operations after the Russian attack. The other aspect that Ramsey lacke d was compassion towards his crew, but Hunter stepped in and showed compassion to his fellow submarines after a few crew members lost their lives in the lower compartment in the boat. Last but not least, Ramsey was impatient, he could not wait for the communication unit to restore their systems for the second message to come through and insisted on proceeding with the missile launch, whereas Hunter possessed that ability and was willing to put on hold the idea of going ahead with the order at hand (of launching the nuclear missiles). Hunters choice to wait turned out to be the best choice because if it has not been for him, the Alabama attack would have cause the start of a nuclear war. On the other hand, Ramseys roles included testing the loyalty of the boats crew, that is, had he not been there none of the conflicts between him and Hunter would not have arose, and there would not have been a time where the officers in charge had to choose sides over the boats authority. Officers choosing sides made confirmation on who was following the right protocol in the launch of the nuclear missiles, for examples, the crew under Ramsey just followed the protocol to some extent and ignored the one which was to confirm what the second command said before going ahead with the previous order, whereas the ones under Hunter did everything buy the books. Also Ramseys purpose was to make sure that everyone was prepared in case of a combat with the rebels. To support that, he carried down a number of drills in the boat during their journey at sea to ensure that everyone stayed focused no matter what, also before they left the base and while they were on the ship he made a few speeches about the situation at hand, and one of the speech when like this, we are here to preserve democracy, not to practice it. EXPLAIN THE CONTEXT FOR EACH INCIDENT RELATING TO LEADERSHIP ASPECTS IN THE SYNOPSIS INCIDENTS WITHING THE MOVIE INVOLVING THE LEADER(S) There were a number of incidents that took place during the mission to Russia within the USS Alabamas crew that involved either Hunter or Ramsey or both of them, below are some of those incidents: There was a time when two of the crew members got into a fight over comic books, at the time Hunter was only a few feet away from the two men but could see what was happening. When the two were stopped by one of the crew members, Hunter pulled the other one involved in the fight (the supervisor) aside and tried to understand the cause of the fight, and when he fully understood what the quarrel was all about he advised the supervisor that in cases of quarrels he should know how to handle the situation since he was also a leader and should lead by example. The supervisor promised to handle disputes better next time, and was once again calm and proceeded to his assigned post. The other incident involving one of the leaders was when Hunter rushed down to the kitchen during the fire to try and sustain the situation. This is a sign that he does not interact with the crew during times of issuing commands only, he came to an aid of his followers whereas Ramsey was busy launching a drill and not caring about what Hunter had to say about the fire downstairs. INCIDENTS AND THE LEADER(s)S INTERACTION WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF THE MOVIE Ramsey was a blind follower, he did almost everything without questioning whereas Hunter was the opposite of that (he followed orders but he did question the authority where he felt it necessary). One example which comes to mind is where they were discussing about war, Ramsey felt that when it came to war if there was a threat made, the only action or measures to be taken was to attack first, he was more of a shoot first and ask questions later type of person. On the other hand, Hunter thought that attacking the opposition party in war would make the situation worse, as he believed that, in a nuclear world, true enemy cannot be destroyed as the true enemy is war itself. The second incident where the two leaders interacted was when the Alabama was hit and the second message which was to be received aboard from the headquarters was interrupted. When the boat was stable from the hit, Captain Ramsey wanted to proceed with the order at hand which was to continue with the launching of the nuclear missiles. But Hunter being the Executive Officer he refused to concur the order because they were unsure of what the incoming message said and a huge argument arose. The argument led to Ramsey wanting to relieve Hunter of his duty, but due to some regulations, Hunter managed to turn the tables and had Ramsey removed from the Con to his stateroom by the Chief of the Boat. This incident shows that both men are firm in what they each believe in. For example, Ramsey is more concerned about the worst that could happen if they are not able to continue with the missile launch well on time, i.e. before the Russian rebels launch the attack, while Hunter is concerned about the worst that could happen if they actually do proceed with the launching while there is no longer a threat from the Russian rebels. Both men were not about to be deterred from their logic regarding the matter, in which both were respectively right in their own ways. Last but not least, was the incident which took place in the kitchen. There was a fire in the kitchen and while Hunter was busy maintain the situation downstairs, Ramsey decided on carrying out a drill, and Hunter being the second in command had to rush back upstairs to the Con to repeat the order. When he got there he tried to explain to the Captain that is not a good time to be running the drill as the situation in the kitchen was still in the process of being fully contained, but captain being a suborn man, he dismissed Hunters complaint and continued with the drill. He later met with Hunter at his stateroom and told him that the next time he wanted to question him, he should not do it in front of the crew, that he should wait for the right time (when they are alone) to present the matter at hand. But later on Ramsey shouted at Hunter in front of the crew in the Con, which shows that Ramsey only comply by the books where the rules favors him only. Also, this shows that Ramsey show little or no concern over his crew members as he carried out the drill though there was fire downstairs. KNOW YOUR LEADER(S)S BEHAVOUR AND CHARACTERISTICS In this part we will be looking at the different and similar leadership characteristics that Hunter and Ramsey possess either bad or good. Commander Hunter Caution: this can be defined as showing careful forethought. This is illustrated in the film where Hunter gave Rivetti the keys to the officers stateroom and other cabins in case Ramsey and his men were to lock them up, and it did happen. Hunter and his officers were arrested and Rivetti came to their rescue. Optimistic: is expecting or presenting the best possible outcome in a given solution. Hunter displays this characteristic when the second message was interrupted. He refused to agree with Ramsey to continue launching the nuclear missiles because he was expecting the good news from the headquarters, and indeed the results came up positive, that they should abort the previous mission. NaÃÆ'Â ¯ve: Not initiated; deficient in relevant experience. Ramsey and other officers who were loyal to him believed that Hunter was not experienced enough to make the decisions regarding the combat. Well, partly that was true because he had no practical experience in the field; all he knew was what he read in the military books. Nevertheless, he managed to sustain all the possible distractions in the boat. Ambitious: Having a strong desire for success or achievement or requiring full use of your abilities or resources. This is true for Hunter because he wanted to know what the second message was saying, and he made sure that he did. He made it his number one priority to make sure of it, he kept calling Vossler to confirm the progress on the communications. He had hardship in making sure that those communications were working, he was even hit by Ramsey but he did not give up on the communication, at long last Ramsey gave them a time frame to fix the communications. At long last a transmission came true and the message was received and a new order/mission was read which was to stop the missile launch. Captain Ramsey Overconfident: it is a good sign for a leader to be confident (being positive), but as for Ramsey he happen to be very confident which happens to be a bad aspect because overconfident can blind a leaders ability to think twice. This is illustrated in the film, where he did not give a second thought to stopping the missiles, even after Hunter presented him with many reasons not to continue with the order at hand; he ignored then and went ahead with the launch. Hadnt he had been overconfident; he would have took the time to review Hunters suggestions. Impatient: can be defined as full of eagerness, Captain Ramsey was a very impatient man, he was keen to proceeding with order or anything he felt was right at the time. For example, even after the fire in the kitchen he was eager to proceed with the drill even after being told of the situation downstairs, just because he had planned for that drill and did not want to wait until the situation with the fire was fully maintained. The other incident was when he just wanted to continue with the nuclear missile launch, even after the boat had just been hit and the incoming message was interrupted. He wanted to proceed with the launch with confirming the second message. Unpredictable: Not capable of being foretold. With Ramsey no one could actually tell what his next step would be. For example, first time he met with Hunter it was like the two would get along just fine, but when they got to the ship his attitude towards Hunter changed from time to time until the time he made it clear that he was not keen of him because he did not have any experience about the combat, and because unlike him, he had to work hard to obtain that position while Hunter got it because he was a Harvard graduate. The other example is when lost his temper towards Hunter and shouted at him in front of the crew, meanwhile he asked Hunter not to address him in front of the crew. Strict: Incapable of compromise or flexibility. Captain Ramsey was not keen to any suggestions or advises, he wanted to do things his own way only. DESCRIBE AND DISCUSS WHY THE LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOUR WAS EFFECTIVE OR INEFFECTIVE Effective: Exerting force or influence Ineffective: Lacking the ability or skill to perform effectively; inadequate LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOURS TASK ORIENTED A task-oriented leader is focused on accomplishments and if the leader is able to show the skills and commitment to his followers, obtaining a specific task wont be a difficult matter. That is, if the supervisor was to lead by example in doing a task I believe his followers would not hesitate to do the same, for example, during the fire in the kitchen, Hunter rushed there in an attempt to save the personnel that were inside and others did likewise. If he had not been there no one would have risked his life to go into the fire especially after they were told by others that it was too hot, but nevertheless Hunter just went right inside. Another example is when Lt Paul Hellerman was ordered to close the hatch. There was a time when he was hesitating to follow the order, but Hunter paused and put himself in Hellermans shoes (how he must have felt thinking about leaving his man to die down there) and tried to talk to him bravely that if he did not close the hatch, the whole crew would go down with the submarine rather than if he close the hatch and only a few are lost. After a short period of time Hellerman decided to close the hatch to save others so as for them to continue with the mission. RELATION ORIENTED A relationship oriented leaders focus on the relationships among the teams members. This can be indicated in the film where Ramsey talked to his officer to gather other officers so they could go and restore control over the Con. Another example is when Hunter was lenient toward Rivetti after his encounter with another crew member , just being lenient made Rivetti to have respect towards Hunter and trust him, which was why he came to Hunters rescue (because of the relationship they just built during that short time). In general Commander Hunter had a friendly relationship with almost half of the boats crew, and with those relationships they all helped him to accomplish his mission, hadnt he been friendly and understanding none of them would have come to his rescue. PARTICIPATIVE ORIENTED A participative oriented leader relies mostly in the leader being/ operating as an implementer rather than just issuing order or making assignments. If we look at the Captain we could conclude that he was not a participative leader because there is not even one incident where he actually got involved in any of the tasks carried out in the boat. CHANGE AGENT CAPABILITIES Reflecting back to the movie, I would say both leaders did not have any change capability because both men had strong believes in their actions, they were firm in what they each believed in. neither Ramsey nor Hunter wanted to change his way of operating. One of the examples is when Hunter thought it would be best if the Captain acknowledged the crew for their hard work and commitment in obtained order after the hit, but the captain gave a speech he would give any other day., which shows that he was not willing to change his style just for a minutes. Another example involves Hunter, as mentioned above, he was keen to questioning authority where he felt necessary but there were a few occasions when Ramsey wanted him to just perform orders at hand without questioning, but due to the fact that he was not used to that, he refused to accommodate that thought. With this kind of attitude we could conclude that the leaders were ineffective because they could not agree in one aspect, they alw ays wanted things to be done their ways, they never compromised. IDENTIFY AND EXPLAIN ATLEAST TWO DIFFERENT INCIDENTS INVOLVING THE SAME LEADER(S). IF THE INCIDENTS INVOLVE TWO INDIVIDUALS/ A GROUP MAKING A DECISION, LEADERSHIP BEHAVIOUR BY THE DIFFERENT INDIVIDUAL CAN BE IDENTIFIED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE TWO DIFFERENT SELECTED INCIDENTS The two incidents that have been chosen are when a group of officers met outside the weapon unit on how they were going to rescue the captain from his hold-up place, and the one where Hunter and his officers were locked up in the officers cabinet. INVOLVEMENT OF THE SELECTED LEADER(s) WITHIN THE INCIDENT AND MAKING DECISION WITHIN THE TEAM, GROUP AND INDIVIDUAL Regarding the case where Hunter and other officers were locked up, Hunter was involved in the decision making that took place in the cabinet which was how to get full control over the Con. He planned for Rivetti to come and rescue them, and after that he asked him to gather a number of trusted crew members who would help in their mission. After the gathering and acquiring of the weapons and uniforms, he drew up a strategic way of how they could access the Captain Key and stop the launch of the missiles without being disrupted. In the second incident, Captain Ramsey had a conversation with one of his trusted officer to help him escape from his stateroom and obtain back his post from Hunter. They concluded that the best option was to recruit a few officers involving Webs who was a friend to the Commander. The officer carried out the order and the 4 officers helped the captain escape and selected the few that were loyal to Hunter and put all of them under arrest. CHARISMATIC AND TRANSFORMATIONAL ROLES Hunter had a way of attracting and making crew members change their minds on certain aspects, and this was all because he had good interpersonal skills which helped him deal with others well despite their authority level. For example, he was able to convinced Webs to stall the captain from launching the missiles even though Webs had helped in his arrest, as he himself went after the captain key. Another example is when he got the captain arrested, even though Cob was Ramseys old friend, after Hunter had explained the outcomes of launching the missiles without confirming the second message and the stating the regulations Chief of the Boat agreed with him to relieve Ramsey of his duty. CRITICALLY ANALYZE EACH OF THE TWO/ MORE INCIDENTS AND CONSIDER OTHER OPTIONS THE LEADER(s) COULD HAVE CONSIDERED AND MADE MANAGERIAL TRAITS AND SKILLS This topic deals with the responsibilities and abilities of a leader. One of the leaders (Ramsey) was impatient, and he being impatient could have led to a start of a nuclear warhead, he could have just given the communication unit some time to restore the boats systems before he could engage in the launching of the missile, which could have prevented an outbreak between him and Hunter. Secondly, a leader should learn to minimize his confidence level as overconfidence could enable them to think twice before handling a situation. If Ramsey was able to lower his confidence he could have listened to Hunters concerns and thought through the idea of launching the missile. SUMMARY In conclusion, there are two main types of management styles in Crimson Tide film: one leader who did things his own way (Ramsey) and the other one did things but the book (Hunter). And the two leaders had to make serious decisions and neither made it easy for the other one, despite the many disputes that arose when they were aboard in the USS Alabama they reconciled at the end. The reconcilement shows that they were good leaders because a good leader should be able to admit to his mistakes owning to them.

Alternative Fuel Vehicles Essay -- Cars Resources Vehicle Essays

Alternative Fuel Vehicles Slowly but surely our nations natural resources are running out. In the near future our fossil fuels that we use to power our lives will be gone. As the years pass research of alternative fuels is becoming more and more imperative. Most important of all in the research of alternative fuels is that of alternative fuel vehicles (AFV). More emphasis should be put on the development of alternative fuel vehicles, because as each year passes our fossil fuel reserves decrease, there are great environmental benefits, and there are great future cost reductions. Others believe that some of the possible alternative fuels are unsafe, that there aren ¡Ã‚ ¦t sufficient alternatives to perform as well as gasoline, and that alternative fuel vehicles are just a fad. Through research conducted these false claims will be put to rest. The need for alternative fuel research goes back to the start of the 1990 ¡Ã‚ ¦s. Based on a statement from the California Energy Commission, during the 20th century energy has become more easily available, especially that of fossil fuels. Countries all over the world including our own depend on fossil fuels to not only generate electricity but also for use in vehicles. Each year more oil wells are found but how long will this last? This question has recently become a major reason for discussion in the governments all over the world, none more so than our very own country which consumes a huge percentage of the worlds oil supply. According to the California Energy Commission (CEC), fossil fuels are cheap and relatively easy to obtain. Once burned, however, fossil fuels cannot be used again, and they release gases such as carbon dioxide into the air. Such gases are not harmful in ... ...ative fuels we can cut a path for the future to follow, and maybe even make the world a cleaner and all around better place to live. References Bedard, Patrick.  ¡Ã‚ §What ¡Ã‚ ¦s the Deal on Electric Cars? ¡Ã‚ ¨ Car and Driver May 1992. Motavalli, J. (2000). Forward Drive: The Race to Build  ¡Ã‚ §Clean ¡Ã‚ ¨ Cars for the Future. United States of America. Sierra Club Books. California Energy Commission. Professor Quester Answers - Fossil Fuels. Retrieved April 19, 2003, from http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/ask_quester/answers_fossil_fuels.html. United States Congress. Office of Technology Assessment. (1990). Replacing Gasoline Alternative Fuels for Light-Duty Vehicles. 101st Cong.United States Department of Energy. Office of Transportation Technologies. (2002, September). Hybrid Electric Vehicle Program. Retrieved March 28, 2003, from http://www.ott.doe.gov/hev/.

Personality Impact Paper Essay

In order for managers and employees to effectively get along in the workplace they must first learn how to understand and appreciate one another. The Journal of Adlerian Theory published an article discussing the various personalities’ styles in the workplace. The report states that being able to recognize characters from â€Å"in workers and managers is important for those who lead or manage as others as well as for those who consult or treat workers and leaders† (page 2). The purpose of this paper is to summarize Exhibit 2.5, 2.6, and 2.7 assessments, it will also summarize my primary personality aspects, cognitive abilities that I can apply to my workplace, and mitigate any shortcomings. Exhibit 2.5, 2.6, 2.7 Exhibit 2.5 is an assessment that measures the extraversion or positive affectivity of a person. According to the text a person, which is positively effective, is â€Å"predisposed to experience positive emotional states and feel good about themselves and the world around them† (page 43). People, who are extroverted, tend to be more sociable and affectionate towards others. Exhibit 2.6 is to measure the neuroticism or negative affectivity. Negative affectivity in the textbook is defined as people tendencies to â€Å"experience negative emotional states, feel distressed, and view themselves and the world around them negatively† (page 44). This is the exact opposite at positive affectivity. People, who have high neuroticism, are more likely to experience more stress over time and often have negative moods at work/ home. Exhibit 2.7 is a measure of agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experiences. The textbook explains agreeableness as individuals â€Å"who get along well with other people and those who do not† (page 45). People, who are agreeable, are very likable, care for others, and tend to be affectionate. A person, who is conscientiousness, is â€Å"careful, scrupulous, and persevering† (page 45). People, who score high in the area, are found to  be very tidy and organized, as well as self-disciplined. People, who are open to experiences, have â€Å"broad interests and are willing to take risks† (page 46). Summary of My Testing Results In Exhibit 2.5 I scored high on positive affectivity. and answered all of the questions with â€Å"true†. This result would show that I am a happy person and views my work and the world around myself positively. My results of Exhibit 2.6 indicate a low level of negative affectivity. I means that sometimes he feels tense all day because of the challenges he has ahead of myself at work and also gets nervous from time to time. This would again reaffirm the results of Exhibit 2.5 which I have a positive outlook on life. The results of Exhibit 2.7 proved what I was already aware of. I tends to be an agreeable person who is open to experiences. I scored the lowest on conscientiousness, implying that is can be somewhat careless. I have a strong personality and a lot of good characteristics to offer as a leader. I did very charismatic and pragmatic. As a leader, this would be necessary in times of boosting morale and encouraging others around myself. my view on things from a positive light as well and tends to be open-minded. Cognitively I am numerically conscious, is also able to use reasoning, deductive abilities, and is perceptual. I scored the lowest on conscientiousness, which as a leader could mean that he is willing to take more risks. Conclusion The purpose of this paper was to summarize Exhibit 2.5, 2.6, and 2.7 assessments, define My primary personality aspects, cognitive abilities that he can apply to the workplace, and mitigate any shortcomings. People all over the world tend to operate based on feelings and innate habits they learned from their surroundings. Having a clear understanding of these feelings and how it drives our individual personalities can create successful business relationships. References Jennifer M. George, Garth R. Jones (2012). Understanding and Managing Organized Behavior. 6th Edition. Published by Prentice Hall Sperry, Len (1995). Individual Psychology. Personality Styles in the Workplace, Volume 51 (Issue 4), pages 422.

Ehtnic Conflict between Dominican Republic and Haiti Essay

The Dominican Republic and Haiti are two countries that share an island. The difficulties of two ethnicities sharing an island bring forth conflicts that stem from colonial times. Race, economics, politics and stigmas all play a role in ethnic conflict between these won cultures that have very different views on their roots. Prejudice, cultural identity issues and resentment towards Haitians is the reason why Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo massacred thousands of unarmed Haitians. This is why the two cultures still clash today. The history of the colonization of Americas is one written in blood. The Hispaniola is no exception, and the conflict can still be seen today. In 1492 Christopher Columbus sailed west. In doing so, he†¦show more content†¦When Columbus returned in November 1493 he was surprised to learn that the settlement he had left behind had been destroyed. Some of the 39 men had clashed with the Taino Indians, and were killed. Other crewmembers had become sick, unable to cope with the harsh environment of the Caribbean. As time progressed, small settlements were founded across the island, and the heart of the Spanish conquest in the New World, Hispaniola, began to develop accordingly. In April 1493 a settlement on the northern coast called La Isabela was founded in what is now the province of Puerto Plata, and in 1494 Concepcion de la Vega was founded. On March 13, 1494 Columbus opened the first road in the New World called Paseo de los Hidalgos, and construction of the Fort of Santo T omas began around the Janico River, in what is now Santiago province. In 1496 Bartolome Colon (Bartholomew, Columbus’s brother) settled Nueva Isabela on the eastern side of the Ozama River on the south coast of the island, but in 1498 a hurricane and subsequent earthquakes destroyed the settlement. Soon after the destruction of Nueva Isabela, Bartolome Colon founded the city of Santo Domingo, the capital city of the Dominican Republic, on the western side of the Ozama River, on August 5, 1498. On subsequent voyages, in order to gain more funding for his travels, and under pressure to pay off the creditors who had funded his previous voyages, Columbus introduced a slave system, which can only be described as